八十年前，Linge Company突击队的士兵成功破坏了位于挪威尤坎的Vemork重水厂。八十年后的今天，挪威工业工人博物馆（NIA）在这个曾经进行危险作业的地方举办了一场大型的纪念展览。
VEMORK: Eighty years to the day after soldiers from Linge Company sabotaged heavy water production at Vemork, Rjukan, Norway, the Norwegian Industrial Workers’ Museum (NIA) will open an extensive exhibition on the site where the dangerous operation was executed.
▼纪念性的展览，Monumental exhibition © Kvorning design
二战中最重要的破坏性行动之一
One of the most important sabotage actions of the Second World War
今年的2月28日是Joachim Rønneberg成功炸毁Vemork重水厂的80周年纪念日。这些士兵奉伦敦特被行动执行官的命令潜入敌后执行这项任务，该行动被后世评价为历史上最受认可的军事破坏行动之一。
位于Rjukan山区的氢工厂被德国军队守卫着，在1943年2月的一个冬夜，挪威的突击队员在英国的指挥下执行Gunnerside行动，行动中没有人员伤亡，并且所有士兵都设法逃脱了逮捕。此次破坏行动迫使氢工厂暂停了重水的生产，使希特勒无法获得重水资源。
The night of February 28 will mark 80 years since Joachim Rønneberg planted explosives on heavy water cells at Vemork, Rjukan. The soldiers were spirited in behind enemy lines on orders from Special Operations Executive in London to execute an operation that has since become one of the most recognized military sabotage missions in history.
The inaccessible Hydrogen Plant in the mountains over Rjukan was guarded by German troops when Norwegian saboteurs under British command carried out Operation Gunnerside on a winter night in February 1943. No lives were lost and all the soldiers managed to escape capture. The sabotage operation put a temporary stop to heavy water production and prevented Hitler from acquiring heavy water.
▼展厅，Exhibition hall © Kvorning design
▼正在参观的人们，People who are visiting © Kvorning design
在重水地窖中的戏剧性展览
Dramatic new exhibition in the Heavy Water Cellar
位于重水地窖中的新展览讲述了在此发生的破坏行动。通过强刺激的、身临其境的体验来向参观者讲述重水地窖被破坏时发生的戏剧性故事。“展览为参观者深入展示了这些突击队员们的故事，让观众们有机会反思和理解他们当时所作出的选择，并充分展现了他们都是怎样的人。”NIA博物馆的展览经理Gunhild Lurås说。
该展览邀请观众联想突击队员在行动过程中遇到的一些困难，参观者还可以使用紫外线灯探索地窖，跟随士兵们当年的脚步，借助技术手段了解厂区和逃生路线的情况。展览还介绍了用于生产重水的电化学过程。
The new exhibition in the Heavy Water Cellar tells the story of the operation on the site where the action occurred. The dramatic story of what happened when the heavy water cells were destroyed is told through displays that deliver a strong, being there, experience. “ The exhibition provides insight into the saboteurs’ story. It gives viewers a chance to reflect upon and understand the choices they made. It tells a lot about what kind of people they were,” says exhibition manager Gunhild Lurås from NIA.
The exhibition invites us to consider several of the dilemmas the saboteurs encountered along the way. Visitors can also explore the cellar using UV lamps, follow in the soldiers’ footsteps and learn what happened inside the plant premises and along the escape route with the help of AR technology. The exhibition also explains the electro-chemical process used to produce heavy water.
▼逃生路线，The escape route© Kvorning design
Kvorning Design的Arne Kvorning表示：“展览及其呈现方式建立在原始的历史背景中。 这是独一无二的。NIA博物馆和Kvorning Design之间鼓舞人心的密切合作是实体概念与戏剧性叙事发展的结果，自从2022年这项国际国内竞赛开始，双方进行了持续的创造，最终由Kvorning Design与Gagarin和Creative Technology共同赢得了竞赛。”
Arne Kvorning of Kvorning Design says, ” The exhibition and its mode of presentation have been established in the original historic setting. It is unique. Development of the physical concept as well as the dramaturgical narrative result from a close and inspiring co-operation between NIA and Kvorning Design. It was an ongoing, creative process since the 2022 international competition for the assignment, which was won by Kvorning Design with Gagarin and Creative Technology.”
▼博物馆提供的紫外线探照灯，Ultraviolet searchlights provided by the museum © Kvorning design
NIA主管Anna Hereid计划为博物馆开设一个新景点。她表示：“在如此短的时间内发现、规划和实现国家和国际反抗计划，同时保持了工业的创新，以上这些可能性证明了这个故事在现代世界仍然具有重要意义。除了建筑部分之外，我们可以举办展览，让后代有机会学习和反思事实，这一点非常重要。如果没有Sparebankstiftelsen DNB、Tinn市政府、文化委员会以及Vestfold和Telemark县议会的重大贡献，我们不可能完成这个展览项目。”
Director of NIA Anna Hereid looks forward to opening a new attraction for the museum.” The possibility of uncovering, planning and realizing a national and international symbol of resistance efforts as well as industrial innovation in such a short period of time bears witness to the significance this story still carries in the modern world. In addition to the building project, the fact that we can present an exhibition giving future generations the chance to learn and reflect on facts is incredibly important. We could not have completed the exhibition project without major contributions from Sparebankstiftelsen DNB, Tinn municipality, the Culture Council, and the Vestfold and Telemark county council,” says Anna Hereid.
▼历史背景的展示，Display of historical background © Kvorning design
纪念仪式暨展览开幕
Memorial ceremony and exhibition opening
2月28日的纪念活动起始于在重水厂纪念场地进行的献花仪式。在展览开幕之前，纪念仪式让来者有时间纪念和反思那些冒着生命危险为他人的自由而战的人和他们的事迹。
The commemoration on February 28 will begin with the laying of a wreath at the memorial site of Operation Gunnerside at Vemork. Prior to the opening of the exhibition, the memorial ceremony will allow time to reflect on and honour those who put their lives at risk to fight for the freedom of others.
▼博物馆地面细节，Details of the ground© Kvorning design
Maja Foss Five，作为Vestfold和Telemark县议会的副市长兼文化委员会主席，担任了仪式的女主持人。演讲者包括：挪威媒体/金融集团Schibsted的首席执行官Kristin Skogen Lun；挪威特种部队司令Joar Eidheim；和Birger Dag Strømsheim，Gunnerside士兵Birger Strømsheim的儿子。作家兼插画家约翰·S·贾姆特利斯 (John S. Jamtlis) 也出席了此次活动，其广受好评的图形叙事系列Sabotør讲述了第二次世界大战期间挪威的抵抗运动。仪式的艺术部分由挪威皇家海军陆战队海军乐队和挪威女子合唱团进行表演。
Maja Foss Five, Deputy Mayor and Committee Leader for Culture in Vestfold and Telemark county council will be mistress of ceremonies. Among the speakers will be: Kristin Skogen Lund, CEO of Norwegian media/finance conglomerate Schibsted; Commander of Norwegian Special Forces Joar Eidheim; and, Birger Dag Strømsheim, son of Gunnerside soldier Birger Strømsheim. Also at the event will be, author/illustrator John S. Jamtlis whose critically acclaimed graphic-narrative series, Sabotør, told about the Norwegian resistance movement during the Second World War. Marines Navy Band and the Norwegian Girls Choir.
▼战争物品展览，War artifacts exhibit © Kvorning design
Concept, design and production
Kvorning Design, www.kvorning.com, in co-operation with Gagarin, www.gagarin.is, and Creative Technology, www.ct-group.com
For more information and downloadable images:
Image downloads: https://www.nia.no/presse/
More about the Heavy Water Cellar and its history: https://www.nia.no/stedet-som- forandret-verden/
3D imaging of Heavy Water Cellar ruins as they
were: https://my.matterport.com/show/?m=7M1zgGKsMiL
Photos: Kvorning Design, NIA/Norsk Hydro
For more information and visitor registration:
Press manager, NIA: Rita Engedalen, Tel: +47 920 945 84 / r.engedalen@nia.no
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