Powerhouse Arts艺术创作中心，纽约 / Herzog & de Meuron

Powerhouse Arts是一家位于纽约布鲁克林Gowanus街道和Red Hook码头交汇处的非营利性制造工厂，旨在为艺术生产和艺术就业创造一个强大的平台。改造后的建筑为人们提供了高达17万平方英尺（约15793.5平方米）的车间空间，能够用于木材、金属、陶瓷、纺织品和印刷品的制造。设计不仅将现有的废弃工业建筑转变为艺术家、制造商和工人们共享的艺术中心，同时也将该场地的工业遗产价值延续到下个世纪。项目的核心旨在将一座拥有115年历史的发电厂改造成现代化的生产设施，传承布鲁克林历史工业区的制造业传统。通过保留、修复和重建原始发电站的基本元素，该项目巩固了原建筑的工业特征，同时增强了建筑与城市环境之间的关系。

Powerhouse Arts is a not-for-profit manufacturing facility based in Gowanus and Red Hook, Brooklyn, New York, established to create a robust platform for art production and employment in the arts. Consisting of 170,000 square feet of workshop space for fabrication in wood, metal, ceramics, textile and print, the redevelopment project transforms an existing, derelict structure on a contaminated site into a hub for artists, fabricators and other workers and ensures that the industrial legacy of the site will extend into the next century. Reimagining a 115-year-old power plant as a modern production facility, the project aims to maintain a manufacturing presence in a historically industrial part of Brooklyn. By preserving, restoring, and reconstructing essential elements of the original power station, the project strengthens the building’s industrial character and its relationship to the immediate urban context.

▼项目概览，overall of the project© Herzog & de Meuron

Powerhouse Arts 艺术创作中心，纽约 / Herzog & de Meuron

该项目位于Gowanus运河沿岸，这里是西侧Red Hook码头和卡罗尔花园社区以及东侧的公园坡（Park Slope）地带交汇处的自然低点。1904年，由Thomas Edward Murray设计的布鲁克林快速交通发电站在这里建成，为布鲁克林不断扩大的交通系统做出了巨大的贡献。20世纪50年代发电站光荣退役，原有结构的一半—— 锅炉房被拆除，仅留下了曾经的涡轮大厅。在20世纪后期，剩下的建筑结构成为了当地涂鸦艺术家的目的地，并获得了“蝙蝠洞”的绰号。随后，2010年，美国环境保护署（United States Environmental Protection Agency）将Gowanus运河指定为“超级基金”（Superfund ）遗址，并将发电站确定为需要修复的候选地点之一。在修复工程开始之前，纽约州布朗菲尔德环保计划（Brownfield Cleanup Program）的实施使该场地的污染问题得到了解决。2016年4月，经过最初包括场地概念设计在内的竞赛选拔，Herzog & de Meuron被任命为该项目的设计顾问。

The project is situated along the Gowanus Canal, a natural low point between the neighborhoods of Red Hook and Carroll Gardens to the west and Park Slope to the east. In 1904, the Brooklyn Rapid Transit Power Station, designed by Thomas Edward Murray, was completed on the site to serve the expanding transit system of Brooklyn. Decommissioned in the 1950s, half of the original structure – the Boiler House – was demolished, leaving the Turbine Hall to stand by itself. In the late twentieth century, the remaining structure became a destination for local graffiti artists, and it earned the nickname of “The Batcave.” Subsequently, the Gowanus Canal was designated a Superfund site in 2010 by the United States Environmental Protection Agency, identifying it as a candidate for remediation. Prior to the start of construction, the site contamination was resolved through completion of the New York State Brownfield Cleanup Program. In April 2016 – after an initial selection process that included a concept design for the site – Herzog & de Meuron was appointed as design consultant for the project.

▼项目于周边环境鸟瞰，aerial view of the project and urban environment© Herzog & de Meuron

项目所在社区汇集了大量仓库、车间、多功能商业建筑，并且正在迅速朝着高档社区发展。现有的建筑沿Gowanus运河的边缘向西延伸，北接第一大道，南接第二大道，东侧则是位于第三大道的大型存储建筑。涡轮大厅以其可观的规模与相对较高的场地位置，在社区中彰显出强而有力的存在感，吸引着人们的目光。工业景观和场地的历史在设计方案中发挥了关键作用。设计恢复了曾经锅炉房的建筑体量，并重新建立了该空间与现有涡轮大厅的关系，以当代的设计语言诠释了锅炉房的悠久历史。保留下来的涡轮大厅也得到了加固与战略性的修复，同时将其历史层面整合到了新的制造设施中。

A mix of storage sheds, warehouses, and mixed-use, commercial buildings, the neighborhood is rapidly gentrifying. The existing building is set back from the edge of the Gowanus Canal to the west and bound at the north by First Street, at the south by Second Street, and at the east by a large storage building along Third Avenue. The scale of the Turbine Hall and its location atop relatively high ground give it a visual prominence in the neighborhood. The industrial landscape and history of the site play a pivotal role in the design proposal. It reinterprets the historic Boiler House by reinstating its mass and re-establishing its relationship with the existing Turbine Hall. The Turbine Hall is preserved – stabilized and strategically repaired – and its historical layers are integrated into the new manufacturing facility.

▼西立面，west facade© Herzog & de Meuron

在项目西侧，沿着Gowanus运河，宽敞的前院为建筑创造出灵活的户外工作和存储空间，同时也可作为装卸材料的场地使用。而在项目的东侧，靠近公共交通的一端，涡轮大厅的砖石外墙围合出一处全新的场地入口，作为本项目的主要公共入口使用。踏入建筑内部，游客们马上就能感受到现代空间与历史细节的并置，裸露的混凝土拱顶、充满历史韵味的砖墙和琉璃瓦、残留的涂鸦与全新的建筑元素形成鲜明且和谐的对比。一堵巨大的混凝土剪力墙塑造了入口大厅外的垂直空间，金属楼梯将人们的注意力吸引到大厅，这些空间揭示出建筑内的主要公共特征。在涡轮大厅体量的整个上层空间中，建筑师保留了空间的历史结构与原始空间组成，同时将翻新后的钢桁架暴露了出来，将整个空间转化为能够举办展览与多种活动的多功能空间。

To the west of the project along the Gowanus Canal, a forecourt provides flexible outdoor work and storage space as well as loading for material deliveries. To the east of the project, closer to the approach to the site from public transit, a new opening into the masonry envelope of the Turbine Hall serves as the primary public entrance. Upon entering the building, the visitor is confronted with the juxtaposition of historic details – concrete vaults, brick chases, and glazed tilework – residual graffiti and the new architectural elements. A large, concrete shear wall forms a vertical space beyond the entrance lobby and a metal stair draws attention upward to the grand hall, the main public feature within the building. The entire upper level of the Turbine Hall building preserves the original spatial composition of the historic structure, exposing the refurbished, steel trusses overhead, and providing a multifunctional space for exhibitions and events.

▼改造后的涡轮大厅，the grand hall© Herzog & de Meuron

▼楼梯，staircase© Herzog & de Meuron

▼底层接待大厅，lobby© Herzog & de Meuron

“锅炉房”的重建工作建立在现有的历史基础上，进而在最大限度地减少了进一步的土方挖掘工程。该体量的混凝土立面与涡轮大厅现有的砖石外壳相呼应，并为其内部新增的车间空间提供了一个坚固耐用、简洁直接的建筑外壳。建筑内部，柱、板等混凝土结构暴露在空间中，为车间提供了灵活布置的基础。涡轮大厅历史悠久的穿孔开口也被纳入到“锅炉房”的立面的设计中，两座建筑围护结构上的开口都以全新的窗户结构进行了填充。与“锅炉房”相邻的通高体量是建筑中公共空间与制造车间的交汇处，为举办展览、活动、舞台和集会提供了额外的空间支持。

The reinstated Boiler House bears on the existing, historic foundations, minimizing further site excavations. Its concrete façade responds to the existing masonry shell of the Turbine Hall and provides a durable and straightforward envelope for the addition. The exposed structure at the interior, comprising concrete columns and slabs, provides flexible spaces for workshop use. The historic, punched openings of the Turbine Hall are incorporated into the Boiler House envelope, and the openings of both buildings are filled with new windows.An adjacent, double-height volume in the Boiler House serves as the intersection of the public and workshop functions in the building, providing additional room for exhibitions, events, staging, and assembly.

▼双层通高的活动大厅，double- height event hall© Herzog & de Meuron

作为一座典型的工业建筑，本项目中的各个制造车间采取了垂直堆叠的形式，因此，设计需要为这些空间确立清晰的空间高度，并规划出最佳的装载区域布局。在本项目中，金属和木材车间位于底层，而对排气要求严格的印刷，纺织和陶瓷等学科车间则被规划在“锅炉房”的顶层。秉承着与多位专家协商改进后的最佳工业建筑卫生标准，设计需要将大量的空气从建筑中排出，以确保制造过程中的污染物不会对室内工作环境产生不利影响。为此，建筑师为各个学科车间设置了一个共享的大型公共垂直服务体块，该体块还包含垂直交通元素、楼梯和电梯，以及洗手间管道设施。

▼功能分析图，program axonometric diagram© Herzog & de Meuron

Atypically for an industrial project, the respective fabrication shops are stacked vertically with the disciplines requiring the most clear height and best access to the loading areas – that is, the metal and wood workshops – located on the ground floor, while the disciplines with the most stringent exhaust requirements – print, textile and ceramics – are located at the top floors of the Boiler House. Adhering to the best practices of industrial hygiene (refined through consultation with several specialists), a large amount of air is exhausted from the building to ensure contaminates from the manufacturing processes do not adversely affect the interior work environment. To that end, the workshops share a common, large vertical service wall that also contains the vertical circulation elements, stairs and elevators, as well as the restroom plumbing stack.

▼陶瓷车间，the ceramic workshop© Herzog & de Meuron

▼印刷车间，print workshop© Herzog & de Meuron

现有建筑和新建筑之间垂直元素的整合为两座建筑提供了额外的横向结构稳定性，同时也充分利用了“锅炉房”内的剩余空间，为车间创造出布局的灵活性。屋顶上的两个大型舱壁体量彰显出本项目中机械、电气、管道和消防系统的首要地位，并让人联想起原来历史上锅炉房建筑顶部的烟囱。此外，它们还展现出该设施的设计弹性，因为考虑到未来可能发生洪水和海平面上升的情况，建筑物的底部没有安装任何设备，而是集中布置于屋顶之上。

▼设备分析图，systems axonometric diagram© Herzog & de Meuron

The consolidation of these vertical elements between the existing and the new building provides additional lateral, structural stability for both buildings and creates the flexibility required for workshop programming within the remainder of the Boiler House floor slab. Two large bulkhead volumes at the roof express the primacy of the mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and fire protection systems in the project and recall the historic smokestacks of the original Boiler House building. They also illustrate the resiliency of the facility, as no equipment has been installed at the base of the building given the potential for flooding and sea level rise in the future.

▼场地平面图，site plan© Herzog & de Meuron

▼总平面图，master plan© Herzog & de Meuron

▼一层平面图，level 01 plan© Herzog & de Meuron

▼地下一层平面图，level -01 plan© Herzog & de Meuron

▼二层平面图，level 02 plan© Herzog & de Meuron

▼三层平面图，level 03 plan© Herzog & de Meuron

PROJECT KEY DATA
Project Number: 461
Project Official Name: Powerhouse Arts
Location: 322 Third Avenue Brooklyn, New York, USA
Project Phases:
Concept Study – Jan 2016 – Nov 2016
Schematic Design – Nov 2016 – Jun 2017
Design Development – Jun 2017 – Feb 2018
Construction Documents – Mar 2018 – Dec 2018
Construction Administration – Jan 2019 – Mar 2022
Milestones Construction Start – 27 Dec 2018
Topping Out – 21 Apr 2020
Permit: Foundation & Partial Alt 1 Permit 09 Jan 2019
Client: Powerhouse Arts, Brooklyn, New
York, USA
Client: Representative Colliers International, New York,
New York, USA
Herzog & de Meuron Project Team:
Partners: Jacques Herzog, Pierre de Meuron, Ascan Mergenthaler
(Partner in Charge)
Project Team: Philip Schmerbeck (Associate, Project Director), Jack
Brough (Project Manager, SD – CA), Raha Talebi (Project Manager,
Competition – Pre-SD)
Farhad Ahmad, Bruno de Almeida Martins, Iwona Boguslawska,
Christopher Cornecelli, Lasse Deichmann, Muriz Djurdjevic, Nazli
Ergani, Florian Frank, Fabiola Guzman-Rivera, Josh Helin, Magnus
Overby, Pedro Peña Jurado, Martin Jonathan Raub, Rebecca
Roberts, Emma Thomas, Pimchanok Wangveeramit, Samuels Zeif
PLANNING
Design Consultant
Herzog & de Meuron Basel Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
Executive Architect
Platt Byard Dovell White Architects, New York, New York, USA
Structural Engineering
Robert Silman Associates Structural Engineers, New York, New York, USA
MEP Engineering
Buro Happold Engineering, New York, New York, USA
Cost Consulting
Stuart-Lynn Company, New York, New York, USA
Landscape Architect (Waterfront)
Ken Smith Workshop, New York, New York, USA
Construction Management
Urban Atelier Group, New York, New York, USA
SPECIALIST / CONSULTING
Concrete Consulting
Reg Hough Associates, Freehold, New Jersey, USA
Facade Consulting
Eckersley O’Callaghan, New York, New York, USA
Lighting Consulting
Tillotson Design Associates, New York, New York, USA
Traffic Consulting
Philip Habib and Associates, New York, New York, USA
No. 461
Powerhouse Arts
Brooklyn, New York, USA
Project 2016 – 2018, Realization 2019 – 2022
© Herzog & de Meuron
Lighting Fixtures
Chelsea Lighting, New York, New York, USA
Lighting Fixtures
Litelab, Buffalo, New York, USA
Masonry
Bunlin LLC, Sunnyside, New York, USA
Architectural Millwork
PGS Millwork, Inc., Hudson, New York, USA
Floor Finishes
Grayfox Flooring, New York, New York, USA
Prefabricated Metal Construction
Workspace 11, Brooklyn, New York, USA
Prefabricated Metal Construction
CMG, New York, New York, USA
Exterior Metalworks
PG New York, Yonkers, New York, USA
Interior Metalworks
Tetra, Staten Island, New York, USA
Metal Doors
Long Island Fireproof Door, Flushing, New York, USA

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